Module Bigarray

module Bigarray: sig  end

Large, multi-dimensional, numerical arrays.

This module implements multi-dimensional arrays of integers and floating-point numbers, thereafter referred to as ``big arrays''. The implementation allows efficient sharing of large numerical arrays between Caml code and C or Fortran numerical libraries.

Concerning the naming conventions, users of this module are encouraged to do open Bigarray in their source, then refer to array types and operations via short dot notation, e.g. Array1.t or Array2.sub.

Big arrays support all the Caml ad-hoc polymorphic operations:

• comparisons (=, <>, <=, etc, as well as Pervasives.compare);
• hashing (module Hash);
• and structured input-output (Pervasives.output_value and Pervasives.input_value, as well as the functions from the Marshal module).

To each element kind is associated a Caml type, which is the type of Caml values that can be stored in the big array or read back from it. This type is not necessarily the same as the type of the array elements proper: for instance, a big array whose elements are of kind float32_elt contains 32-bit single precision floats, but reading or writing one of its elements from Caml uses the Caml type float, which is 64-bit double precision floats.

The abstract type ('a, 'b) kind captures this association of a Caml type 'a for values read or written in the big array, and of an element kind 'b which represents the actual contents of the big array. The following predefined values of type kind list all possible associations of Caml types with element kinds:

val float32 : (float, float32_elt) kind

See Bigarray.char.

val float64 : (float, float64_elt) kind

See Bigarray.char.

val complex32 : (Complex.t, complex32_elt) kind

See Bigarray.char.

val complex64 : (Complex.t, complex64_elt) kind

See Bigarray.char.

val int8_signed : (int, int8_signed_elt) kind

See Bigarray.char.

val int8_unsigned : (int, int8_unsigned_elt) kind

See Bigarray.char.

val int16_signed : (int, int16_signed_elt) kind

See Bigarray.char.

val int16_unsigned : (int, int16_unsigned_elt) kind

See Bigarray.char.

val int : (int, int_elt) kind

See Bigarray.char.

val int32 : (int32, int32_elt) kind

See Bigarray.char.

val int64 : (int64, int64_elt) kind

See Bigarray.char.

val nativeint : (nativeint, nativeint_elt) kind

See Bigarray.char.

val char : (char, int8_unsigned_elt) kind

As shown by the types of the values above, big arrays of kind float32_elt and float64_elt are accessed using the Caml type float. Big arrays of complex kinds complex32_elt, complex64_elt are accessed with the Caml type Complex.t. Big arrays of integer kinds are accessed using the smallest Caml integer type large enough to represent the array elements: int for 8- and 16-bit integer bigarrays, as well as Caml-integer bigarrays; int32 for 32-bit integer bigarrays; int64 for 64-bit integer bigarrays; and nativeint for platform-native integer bigarrays. Finally, big arrays of kind int8_unsigned_elt can also be accessed as arrays of characters instead of arrays of small integers, by using the kind value char instead of int8_unsigned.

See Bigarray.fortran_layout.

To facilitate interoperability with existing C and Fortran code, this library supports two different memory layouts for big arrays, one compatible with the C conventions, the other compatible with the Fortran conventions.

In the C-style layout, array indices start at 0, and multi-dimensional arrays are laid out in row-major format. That is, for a two-dimensional array, all elements of row 0 are contiguous in memory, followed by all elements of row 1, etc. In other terms, the array elements at (x,y) and (x, y+1) are adjacent in memory.

In the Fortran-style layout, array indices start at 1, and multi-dimensional arrays are laid out in column-major format. That is, for a two-dimensional array, all elements of column 0 are contiguous in memory, followed by all elements of column 1, etc. In other terms, the array elements at (x,y) and (x+1, y) are adjacent in memory.

Each layout style is identified at the type level by the abstract types Bigarray.c_layout and fortran_layout respectively.

The type 'a layout represents one of the two supported memory layouts: C-style if 'a is Bigarray.c_layout, Fortran-style if 'a is Bigarray.fortran_layout.

val c_layout : c_layout layout

val fortran_layout : fortran_layout layout

module Genarray: sig  end

module Array1: sig  end

One-dimensional arrays.

module Array2: sig  end

Two-dimensional arrays.

module Array3: sig  end

Three-dimensional arrays.

val genarray_of_array1 : ('a, 'b, 'c) Array1.t -> ('a, 'b, 'c) Genarray.t

Return the generic big array corresponding to the given one-dimensional big array.

val genarray_of_array2 : ('a, 'b, 'c) Array2.t -> ('a, 'b, 'c) Genarray.t

Return the generic big array corresponding to the given two-dimensional big array.

val genarray_of_array3 : ('a, 'b, 'c) Array3.t -> ('a, 'b, 'c) Genarray.t

Return the generic big array corresponding to the given three-dimensional big array.

val array1_of_genarray : ('a, 'b, 'c) Genarray.t -> ('a, 'b, 'c) Array1.t

Return the one-dimensional big array corresponding to the given generic big array. Raise Invalid_arg if the generic big array does not have exactly one dimension.

val array2_of_genarray : ('a, 'b, 'c) Genarray.t -> ('a, 'b, 'c) Array2.t

Return the two-dimensional big array corresponding to the given generic big array. Raise Invalid_arg if the generic big array does not have exactly two dimensions.

val array3_of_genarray : ('a, 'b, 'c) Genarray.t -> ('a, 'b, 'c) Array3.t

Return the three-dimensional big array corresponding to the given generic big array. Raise Invalid_arg if the generic big array does not have exactly three dimensions.

val reshape : ('a, 'b, 'c) Genarray.t ->
       int array -> ('a, 'b, 'c) Genarray.t

reshape b [|d1;...;dN|] converts the big array b to a N-dimensional array of dimensions d1...dN. The returned array and the original array b share their data and have the same layout. For instance, assuming that b is a one-dimensional array of dimension 12, reshape b [|3;4|] returns a two-dimensional array b' of dimensions 3 and 4. If b has C layout, the element (x,y) of b' corresponds to the element x * 3 + y of b. If b has Fortran layout, the element (x,y) of b' corresponds to the element x + (y - 1) * 4 of b. The returned big array must have exactly the same number of elements as the original big array b. That is, the product of the dimensions of b must be equal to i1 * ... * iN. Otherwise, Invalid_arg is raised.

val reshape_1 : ('a, 'b, 'c) Genarray.t -> int -> ('a, 'b, 'c) Array1.t

Specialized version of Bigarray.reshape for reshaping to one-dimensional arrays.

val reshape_2 : ('a, 'b, 'c) Genarray.t ->
       int -> int -> ('a, 'b, 'c) Array2.t

Specialized version of Bigarray.reshape for reshaping to two-dimensional arrays.

val reshape_3 : ('a, 'b, 'c) Genarray.t ->
       int -> int -> int -> ('a, 'b, 'c) Array3.t

Specialized version of Bigarray.reshape for reshaping to three-dimensional arrays.